Social, Cultural, And Economic Systems Responsible For...

This book provides readers with an in-depth knowledge on how to deliver effective counseling to individuals experiencing social inequalities and injustice through equipping counselors with the skills necessary for becoming agents of change. The author in his 13 chapters examines the social, cultural, and economic systems responsible for perpetuating injustice and inequality with illustrations underlying the importance of counselors’ acceptance of their professional, ethical, and moral responsibility in working with clients in transforming social justice systems. The book is divided into two parts where chapter contents include: challenging educational inequalities: school counselors as agents of social justice; gay and lesbian social†¦show more content†¦Courtney C. Lee is also a past president of both The American Counseling Association and the Association for Multicultural Counseling and Development respectively. Scholarly Evaluation: Lee (2007) in chapters 2, 8 and 10 examined the themes: advancing social justice by challenging socioeconomic disadvantage; promoting ethnic/racial equality through empowerment based counseling; and social justice and counseling ethics. Having a limited access to adequate funding inevitably places individuals’ lives and future into an uncomfortable position where they have fewer choices and access to benefits which can allow them to become frustrated. Ethnic minorities have a higher level of poverty existing among them when compared to other ethnic counterparts. According to the 2002-2003 U.S. statistics, children and women are at a higher risk than men of being in poverty where women in comparison to males are at a disadvantage in terms of earnings with their wage constituting 76% of the average wage for males. Consequently, â€Å"being an ethnic minority, being female, or being a child puts one at greater than average risk of living in poverty† (p. 17). Poverty has al so been found to be correlated with several health and mental health conditions. Similarly, individuals of lower socioeconomic status experience higher rates of morbidity and mortality in almost all disease categories when compared to those of